There was also moderate quality evidence of a significantly improved chance of wound breakdown without HBOT following operative treatment for ORN (RR 4.2 95% CI 1.1 to 16.8, P value = 0.04, NNTB 4 264 participants, 2 studies). There was some moderate quality evidence that HBOT was more likely to achieve mucosal coverage with osteoradionecrosis (ORN) (risk ratio (RR) 1.3 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 1.6, P value = 0.003, number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) 5 246 participants, 3 studies). A study of costs would also be useful.įourteen trials contributed to this review (753 participants). Further research is required to establish which people may respond and the best timing of such therapy. Studies of radiation injury suggest that other tissues are also likely to respond (e.g. The application of HBOT to selected participants and tissues may be justified. The evidence was generally of moderate quality and limited by small numbers of participants, poor reporting of methods and results, and uncertainty as to the exact degree of improvement with HBOT. There was no such evidence of any important clinical effect on tissues in the nervous system. There was some evidence that HBOT improved outcome in LRTI affecting bone and soft tissues of the head and neck, for radiation proctitis (inflammation of the lower part of the large intestine caused by radiotherapy treatment) and to prevent the development of osteoradionecrosis (bone death caused by radiotherapy treatment) following tooth extraction in an irradiated field. The evidence was current to December 2015. We searched medical databases for clinical studies aimed to find the evidence for or against the ability of HBOT, compared to either no treatment or alternative treatments, to improve these complications. It is used as a treatment to improve oxygen supply to damaged tissue (cells within the body) and support healing. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) involves breathing oxygen in a specially designed chamber. These problems can be very difficult to resolve and there is some doubt as to the best approaches to treatment. There is a risk of serious complications developing after radiation treatment (radiotherapy) for cancer (late radiation tissue injury (LRTI)).
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